Our theoretical exposition up to this point has been concerned entirely with profound hypnoses. It is now our duty to examine the question whether the superficial hypnoses which are of particular importance to the physician, as we shall have occasion to observe later in agreement with Hirschlaff, may also be understood on the same psychological assumptions. Quite apart from the fact that the boundary line between superficial and profound hypnosis is more or less arbitrary, as may be seen from our description of the phenomenology of hypnosis, the suggestive rapport between the lightly hypnotized and the profoundly hypnotized is essentially the same. This may be ascertained by later psychoanalyzing a lightly hypnotized person. We have only to add that the dynamic significance of the suggestive rapport on the body is obviously a slighter one in light hypnosis, particularly the dynamic significance of the influence on the sleeping apparatus. Yet it is quite certain that the setting in motion of the sleeping mechanism involves very important psychophysical adjustments of another kind. No doubt, on the one hand, the suggestive rapport with more archaic strata of the personality in sleep is facilitated, the capacity for hallucination enhanced, and the approachability of the vasovegetative mechanisms in the inter-brain altered. Furthermore, sleep brings with it readjustments with regard to the phenomena of the memory, to which we shall have to give some attention later. We must, of course, in connection with the production of sleep, consider the condition of the sleeping apparatus in addition to the dynamic significance of the suggestive rapport, although this distinction is not easy to make in specific cases. It is well known also that sound sleepers are in general easier to hypnotize than poor sleepers. It is therefore necessary for us to consider the factor of the organic condition of a brain apparatus on which suggestion is operating, as one of the elements in the effectiveness of the sleep suggestion, as indicated above. To what extent vasomotor phenomena, peripheral secretion, menstruation, are capable of being influenced in hypnosis depends no doubt, among other things, on the condition of these vasovegetative functions in the midbrain, the interbrain, and the hindbrain. Thus, the female patient of Heller and Schultz in whom it was possible to produce the formation of blisters by the path of suggestion, was also excitable in the highest degree in other vasomotor respects. A comparative independence of the various brain apparatuses with regard to psychic things may therefore probably be assumed, even though one function may have a very important indirect influence on another. Viewed from this point of view, it becomes of increased interest to consider the question to what extent superficial hypnosis may be of influence at all on the formation of ideas, the activity of conception, and the total psychic attitude of the patient and the hypnotized personality. We may here refer in principle only to the therapeutic problem of hypnotism, namely, to the fact that the suggested content which at first is located in the periphery of the psychic experience, only gradaually becomes incorporated with the total personality, no matter how profound the hypnosis may be. In therapeutic hypnosis, we are therefore concerned less with the profundity of the hypnosis as such than with its psychic profundity of stratum, or, in other words, with the transformation of the entire personality. Just as we must distinguish possession from hypnosis and regard hypnosis merely as a technical auxiliary device for bringing about possession, which may extend into profound psychic layers and truly encounter in some manner the very nucleus of the personality, even so therapeutic suggestion is merely a technical auxiliary device for a total process of transformation of the patient, which is, of course, diametrically opposed to the process of becoming a serf. Hypnosis in this sense, be it superficial or profound, is only a technical auxiliary device for the transformation of the total personality, and hypnosis and suggestion in this sense mutually abolish each other after the attainment of the therapeutic purpose, for by this path the difference between the true goals of the ego ideal and the goals obtained by suggestion has of course already disappeared. It is a fact of experience that the psychic process of transformation may also be attained by suggestion in superficial hypnosis.